Global Portable Salinity Meter Industry Market Research Report

Global Portable Salinity Meter Industry Market Research Report

1 Portable Salinity Meter Introduction and Market Overview

• 1.1 Objectives of the Study
• 1.2 Definition of Portable Salinity Meter
• 1.3 Portable Salinity Meter Market Scope and Market Size Estimation
  • 1.3.1 Market Concentration Ratio and Market Maturity Analysis
  • 1.3.2 Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) and Growth Rate from 2017-2027
• 1.4 Market Segmentation
  • 1.4.1 Types of Portable Salinity Meter
  • 1.4.2 Applications of Portable Salinity Meter
  • 1.4.3 Research Regions
    • 1.4.3.1 North America Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.2 Europe Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.3 China Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.4 Japan Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.5 Middle East & Africa Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.6 India Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.7 South America Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
• 1.5 Market Dynamics
  • 1.5.1 Drivers
    • 1.5.1.1 Emerging Countries of Portable Salinity Meter
    • 1.5.1.2 Growing Market of Portable Salinity Meter
  • 1.5.2 Limitations
  • 1.5.3 Opportunities
• 1.6 Industry News and Policies by Regions
  • 1.6.1 Industry News
  • 1.6.2 Industry Policies

2 Industry Chain Analysis

• 2.1 Upstream Raw Material Suppliers of Portable Salinity Meter Analysis
• 2.2 Major Players of Portable Salinity Meter
  • 2.2.1 Major Players Manufacturing Base and Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter in 2021
  • 2.2.2 Major Players Product Types in 2021
• 2.3 Portable Salinity Meter Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
  • 2.3.1 Production Process Analysis
  • 2.3.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure of Portable Salinity Meter
  • 2.3.3 Raw Material Cost of Portable Salinity Meter
  • 2.3.4 Labor Cost of Portable Salinity Meter
• 2.4 Market Channel Analysis of Portable Salinity Meter
• 2.5 Major Downstream Buyers of Portable Salinity Meter Analysis

3 Global Portable Salinity Meter Market, by Type

• 3.1 Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
• 3.2 Global Portable Salinity Meter Production and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
• 3.3 Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) and Growth Rate by Type (2017-2022)
• 3.4 Global Portable Salinity Meter Price Analysis by Type (2017-2022)

4 Portable Salinity Meter Market, by Application

• 4.1 Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
• 4.2 Downstream Buyers by Application
• 4.3 Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate by Application (2017-2022)

5 Global Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($) by Region (2017-2022)

• 5.1 Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) and Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
• 5.2 Global Portable Salinity Meter Production and Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
• 5.3 Global Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.4 North America Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.5 Europe Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.6 China Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.7 Japan Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.8 Middle East & Africa Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.9 India Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.10 South America Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

6 Global Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2017-2022)

• 6.1 Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption by Regions (2017-2022)
• 6.2 North America Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.3 Europe Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.4 China Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.5 Japan Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.6 Middle East & Africa Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.7 India Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.8 South America Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

7 Global Portable Salinity Meter Market Status and SWOT Analysis by Regions

• 7.1 North America Portable Salinity Meter Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.2 Europe Portable Salinity Meter Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.3 China Portable Salinity Meter Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.4 Japan Portable Salinity Meter Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.5 Middle East & Africa Portable Salinity Meter Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.6 India Portable Salinity Meter Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.7 South America Portable Salinity Meter Market Status and SWOT Analysis

8 Competitive Landscape

• 8.1 Competitive Profile
• 8.2 HANPU
  • 8.2.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.2.2 Portable Salinity Meter Product Introduction
  • 8.2.3 HANPU Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.2.4 HANPU Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.3 ATC
  • 8.3.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.3.2 Portable Salinity Meter Product Introduction
  • 8.3.3 ATC Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.3.4 ATC Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.4 AZ
  • 8.4.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.4.2 Portable Salinity Meter Product Introduction
  • 8.4.3 AZ Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.4.4 AZ Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.5 SANXIN
  • 8.5.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.5.2 Portable Salinity Meter Product Introduction
  • 8.5.3 SANXIN Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.5.4 SANXIN Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.6 Lovibond
  • 8.6.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.6.2 Portable Salinity Meter Product Introduction
  • 8.6.3 Lovibond Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.6.4 Lovibond Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.7 Jenco
  • 8.7.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.7.2 Portable Salinity Meter Product Introduction
  • 8.7.3 Jenco Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.7.4 Jenco Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.8 WIGGENS
  • 8.8.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.8.2 Portable Salinity Meter Product Introduction
  • 8.8.3 WIGGENS Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.8.4 WIGGENS Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.9 HANNA
  • 8.9.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.9.2 Portable Salinity Meter Product Introduction
  • 8.9.3 HANNA Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.9.4 HANNA Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.10 Anton Paar
  • 8.10.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.10.2 Portable Salinity Meter Product Introduction
  • 8.10.3 Anton Paar Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.10.4 Anton Paar Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.11 ATAGO
  • 8.11.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.11.2 Portable Salinity Meter Product Introduction
  • 8.11.3 ATAGO Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.11.4 ATAGO Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.12 PUXITONG
  • 8.12.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.12.2 Portable Salinity Meter Product Introduction
  • 8.12.3 PUXITONG Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.12.4 PUXITONG Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021

9 Global Portable Salinity Meter Market Analysis and Forecast by Type and Application

• 9.1 Global Portable Salinity Meter Market Value ($) & Volume Forecast, by Type (2022-2027)
  • 9.1.1 On-site salinity meter Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.1.2 Laboratory salinity meter Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
• 9.2 Global Portable Salinity Meter Market Value ($) & Volume Forecast, by Application (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.1 Salt Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.2 Food Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.3 Beverage Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.4 Fishery Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.5 Farm Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.6 Aquarium Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)

10 Portable Salinity Meter Market Analysis and Forecast by Region

• 10.1 North America Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.2 Europe Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.3 China Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.4 Japan Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.5 Middle East & Africa Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.6 India Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.7 South America Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)

11 New Project Feasibility Analysis

• 11.1 Industry Barriers and New Entrants SWOT Analysis
• 11.2 Analysis and Suggestions on New Project Investment

12 Research Finding and Conclusion

13 Appendix

• 13.1 Discussion Guide
• 13.2 Knowledge Store: Maia Subscription Portal
• 13.3 Research Data Source
• 13.4 Research Assumptions and Acronyms Used

List of Tables and Figures

Figure Product Picture of Portable Salinity Meter

Table Product Specification of Portable Salinity Meter

Figure Market Concentration Ratio and Market Maturity Analysis of Portable Salinity Meter

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) and Growth Rate from 2017-2027

Table Different Types of Portable Salinity Meter

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) Segment by Type from 2017-2022

Figure On-site salinity meter Picture

Figure Laboratory salinity meter Picture

Table Different Applications of Portable Salinity Meter

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) Segment by Applications from 2017-2022

Figure Salt Picture

Figure Food Picture

Figure Beverage Picture

Figure Fishery Picture

Figure Farm Picture

Figure Aquarium Picture

Table Research Regions of Portable Salinity Meter

Figure North America Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Figure Europe Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table China Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table Japan Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table Middle East & Africa Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table India Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table South America Portable Salinity Meter Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table Emerging Countries of Portable Salinity Meter

Table Growing Market of Portable Salinity Meter

Figure Industry Chain Analysis of Portable Salinity Meter

Table Upstream Raw Material Suppliers of Portable Salinity Meter with Contact Information

Table Major Players Manufacturing Base and Market Share ($) of Portable Salinity Meter in 2021

Table Major Players Portable Salinity Meter Product Types in 2021

Figure Production Process of Portable Salinity Meter

Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Portable Salinity Meter

Figure Channel Status of Portable Salinity Meter

Table Major Distributors of Portable Salinity Meter with Contact Information

Table Major Downstream Buyers of Portable Salinity Meter with Contact Information

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Production by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Production Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Production Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) and Growth Rate of On-site salinity meter

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) and Growth Rate of Laboratory salinity meter

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Price by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption by Application (2017-2022)

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table Downstream Buyers Introduction by Application

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate of Salt (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate of Food (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate of Beverage (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate of Fishery (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate of Farm (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate of Aquarium (2017-2022)

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Value ($) Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Production by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Production Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Production Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table North America Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Europe Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table China Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Japan Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Middle East & Africa Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table India Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table South America Portable Salinity Meter Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption by Regions (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption Share by Regions (2017-2022)

Table North America Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table Europe Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table China Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table Japan Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table Middle East & Africa Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table India Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table South America Portable Salinity Meter Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Figure North America Portable Salinity Meter Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure North America Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure North America Portable Salinity Meter SWOT Analysis

Figure Europe Portable Salinity Meter Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Europe Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Europe Portable Salinity Meter SWOT Analysis

Figure China Portable Salinity Meter Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure China Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure China Portable Salinity Meter SWOT Analysis

Figure Japan Portable Salinity Meter Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Japan Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Japan Portable Salinity Meter SWOT Analysis

Figure Middle East & Africa Portable Salinity Meter Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Middle East & Africa Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Middle East & Africa Portable Salinity Meter SWOT Analysis

Figure India Portable Salinity Meter Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure India Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure India Portable Salinity Meter SWOT Analysis

Figure South America Portable Salinity Meter Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure South America Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure South America Portable Salinity Meter SWOT Analysis

Figure Top 3 Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Companies

Figure Top 6 Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Companies

Table Mergers, Acquisitions and Expansion Analysis

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table HANPU Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure HANPU Production and Growth Rate

Figure HANPU Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure HANPU Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table ATC Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure ATC Production and Growth Rate

Figure ATC Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure ATC Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table AZ Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure AZ Production and Growth Rate

Figure AZ Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure AZ Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table SANXIN Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure SANXIN Production and Growth Rate

Figure SANXIN Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure SANXIN Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Lovibond Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Lovibond Production and Growth Rate

Figure Lovibond Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Lovibond Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Jenco Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Jenco Production and Growth Rate

Figure Jenco Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Jenco Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table WIGGENS Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure WIGGENS Production and Growth Rate

Figure WIGGENS Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure WIGGENS Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table HANNA Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure HANNA Production and Growth Rate

Figure HANNA Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure HANNA Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Anton Paar Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Anton Paar Production and Growth Rate

Figure Anton Paar Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Anton Paar Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table ATAGO Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure ATAGO Production and Growth Rate

Figure ATAGO Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure ATAGO Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table PUXITONG Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure PUXITONG Production and Growth Rate

Figure PUXITONG Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure PUXITONG Market Share of Portable Salinity Meter Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Market Value ($) Forecast, by Type

Table Global Portable Salinity Meter Market Volume Forecast, by Type

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of On-site salinity meter (2022-2027)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of On-site salinity meter (2022-2027)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Laboratory salinity meter (2022-2027)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of Laboratory salinity meter (2022-2027)

Table Global Market Value ($) Forecast by Application (2022-2027)

Table Global Market Volume Forecast by Application (2022-2027)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate of Salt (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate of Food (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate of Beverage (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate of Fishery (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate of Farm (2017-2022)

Figure Global Portable Salinity Meter Consumption and Growth Rate of Aquarium (2017-2022)

Figure Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Aquarium (2022-2027)

Figure Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of Aquarium (2022-2027)

Figure North America Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table North America Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Europe Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table Europe Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure China Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table China Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Japan Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table Japan Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Middle East & Africa Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table Middle East & Africa Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure India Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table India Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure South America Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table South America Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Industry Resource/Technology/Labor Importance Analysis

Table New Entrants SWOT Analysis

Table New Project Analysis of Investment Recovery