L-carnitine Market Research: Global Status & Forecast by Geography, Type & Application (2017-2027)

Table of Content

1 Industrial Chain Overview

• 1.1 L-carnitine Industry
  • 1.1.1 Overview

Figure L-carnitine Picture List

• 1.1.2 Characteristics of L-carnitine

Figure Global Market Size and Forecast with Growth Rate, 2017-2027

• 1.5.2 Global Market Size and Forecast by Geography with CAGR, 2017-2027

Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Geography with Growth Rate, 2017-2027

• 1.5.3 Global Market Size and Forecast by Product Type with CAGR, 2017-2027

Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Type with Growth Rate, 2017-2027

• 1.5.4 Global Market Size and Forecast by End-Use with CAGR, 2017-2027

Table Global Market Size and Forecast by End-Use with Growth Rate, 2017-2027

2 Global Production & Consumption by Geography

• 2.1 Global Production & Consumption
  • 2.1.1 Global Production

Figure Global Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Global Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Global Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Million USD

• 2.1.2 Global Consumption

Figure Global Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Global Market Volume and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Global Market Amount and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Million USD

• 2.2 Geographic Production & Consumption
  • 2.2.1 Production
    • 2.2.1.1 Asia-Pacific

  Figure Asia-Pacific Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

  Table Asia-Pacific Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

  Figure Asia-Pacific Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

  Table Asia-Pacific Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

  • 2.2.1.2 North America

Figure North America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table North America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure North America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table North America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

• 2.2.1.3 South America

Figure South America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table South America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure South America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table South America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

• 2.2.1.4 Europe

Figure Europe Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Europe Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Europe Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Europe Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

• 2.2.1.5 Middle East & Africa

Figure Middle East & Africa Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Middle East & Africa Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Middle East & Africa Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Middle East & Africa Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

• 2.2.2 Consumption
  • 2.2.2.1 Asia-Pacific

Figure Asia-Pacific Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Asia-Pacific Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Asia-Pacific Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Asia-Pacific Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

• 2.2.2.2 North America

Figure North America Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table North America Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure North America Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table North America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

• 2.2.2.3 South America

Figure South America Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table South America Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure South America Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table South America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

• 2.2.2.4 Europe

Figure Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Europe Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Europe Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

• 2.2.2.5 Middle East & Africa

Figure Middle East & Africa Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Middle East & Africa Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Middle East & Africa Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Middle East & Africa Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

3 Major Manufacturers Introduction

• 3.1 Manufacturers Overview

Table Major Manufacturers Headquarters and Contact Information

Table Major Manufacturers Capacity List in 2021

• 3.2 Manufacturers List
  • 3.2.1 Lonza Group Overview

Table Lonza Group Overview List

• 3.2.1.1 Product Specifications
• 3.2.1.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Lonza Group (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

• 3.2.1.3 Recent Developments
• 3.2.1.4 Future Strategic Planning

Table Northeast Pharmaceutical Overview List

• 3.2.2.1 Product Specifications
• 3.2.2.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Northeast Pharmaceutical (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

• 3.2.2.3 Recent Developments
• 3.2.2.4 Future Strategic Planning

Table Hengtai Chemical Overview List

• 3.2.3.1 Product Specifications
• 3.2.3.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Hengtai Chemical (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

• 3.2.3.3 Recent Developments
• 3.2.3.4 Future Strategic Planning

Table Chengda Pharmaceutical Overview List

• 3.2.4.1 Product Specifications
• 3.2.4.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Chengda Pharmaceutical (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

• 3.2.4.3 Recent Developments
• 3.2.4.4 Future Strategic Planning

Table Koncepnutra Overview List

• 3.2.5.1 Product Specifications
• 3.2.5.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Koncepnutra (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

• 3.2.5.3 Recent Developments
• 3.2.5.4 Future Strategic Planning

Table HuaYang Overview List

• 3.2.6.1 Product Specifications
• 3.2.6.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of HuaYang (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

• 3.2.6.3 Recent Developments
• 3.2.6.4 Future Strategic Planning

Table Biosint Overview List

• 3.2.7.1 Product Specifications
• 3.2.7.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Biosint (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

• 3.2.7.3 Recent Developments
• 3.2.7.4 Future Strategic Planning

Table Hongjing Chemical Overview List

• 3.2.8.1 Product Specifications
• 3.2.8.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Hongjing Chemical (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

• 3.2.8.3 Recent Developments
• 3.2.8.4 Future Strategic Planning

Table KangXin Chemical Overview List

• 3.2.9.1 Product Specifications
• 3.2.9.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of KangXin Chemical (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

• 3.2.9.3 Recent Developments
• 3.2.9.4 Future Strategic Planning

Table Kangjian Chemical Overview List

• 3.2.10.1 Product Specifications
• 3.2.10.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Kangjian Chemical (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

• 3.2.10.3 Recent Developments
• 3.2.10.4 Future Strategic Planning

Table AIDP Overview List

• 3.2.11.1 Product Specifications
• 3.2.11.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of AIDP (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

• 3.2.11.3 Recent Developments
• 3.2.11.4 Future Strategic Planning

4 Market Competition Pattern

• 4.1 Market Size and Sketch

Figure Global Market Size and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Market Size and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure Global Competition Sketch Overview

• 4.2 Company Market Share
  • 4.2.1 Global Production by Major Manufacturers

Table Global Production Volume List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Global Production Volume Share List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Production Volume Share by Manufacturers in 2021, in Volume

Table Global Production Amount List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Global Production Amount Share List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure Global Production Amount Share by Manufacturers in 2021, in Million USD

• 4.2.2 Market Concentration Analysis

5 Product Type Segment

• 5.1 Global Overview by Product Type Segment

Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment 2017-2021, in Volume

• 5.2 Segment Subdivision by Product Type
  • 5.2.1 Market in L-Carnitine Food Grade
    • 5.2.1.1 Market Size

  Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in L-Carnitine Food Grade, 2017-2021, in USD Million

  Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in L-Carnitine Food Grade, 2017-2021, in Volume

  • 5.2.1.2 Situation & Development
• 5.2.2 Market in L-Carnitine Feed Grade
  • 5.2.2.1 Market Size

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in L-Carnitine Feed Grade, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in L-Carnitine Feed Grade, 2017-2021, in Volume

• 5.2.2.2 Situation & Development

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in L-Carnitine Pharmaceutical Grade, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in L-Carnitine Pharmaceutical Grade, 2017-2021, in Volume

• 5.2.3.2 Situation & Development

6 End-Use Segment

• 6.1 Global Overview by End-Use Segment

Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment 2017-2021, in Volume

• 6.2 Segment Subdivision
  • 6.2.1 Market in Animal Food
    • 6.2.1.1 Market Size

  Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Animal Food, 2017-2021, in USD Million

  Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Animal Food, 2017-2021, in Volume

  • 6.2.1.2 Situation & Development
• 6.2.2 Market in Health Care Products
  • 6.2.2.1 Market Size

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Health Care Products, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Health Care Products, 2017-2021, in Volume

• 6.2.2.2 Situation & Development

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Functional Drinks, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Functional Drinks, 2017-2021, in Volume

• 6.2.3.2 Situation & Development

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Medicine, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Medicine, 2017-2021, in Volume

• 6.2.4.2 Situation & Development

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Others, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Others, 2017-2021, in Volume

• 6.2.5.2 Situation & Development

7 Market Forecast & Trend

• 7.1 Regional Forecast

Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD

Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2022-2027, in Volume

• 7.2 Consumption Forecast
  • 7.2.1 Product Type Forecast

Table Global Market Amount by Product Type Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD

Table Global Market Volume by Product Type Segment 2022-2027, in Volume

• 7.2.2 End-Use Forecast

Table Global Market Amount by End-Use Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD

Table Global Market Volume by End-Use Segment 2022-2027, in Volume

• 7.3 Investment Trend
• 7.4 Consumption Trend

8 Price & Channel

• 8.1 Price and Cost
  • 8.1.1 Price
  • 8.1.2 Cost

Figure Cost Component Ratio

• 8.2 Channel Segment

9 Market Drivers & Investment Environment

• 9.1 Market Drivers
• 9.2 Investment Environment
• 9.3 Impact of Coronavirus on the L-carnitine Industry
  • 9.3.1 Impact on Industry Upstream
  • 9.3.2 Impact on Industry Downstream
  • 9.3.3 Impact on Industry Channels
  • 9.3.4 Impact on Industry Competition
  • 9.3.5 Impact on Industry Employment

10 Research Conclusion

List of Table

Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Geography with Growth Rate, 2017-2027

Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Type with Growth Rate, 2017-2027

Table Global Market Size and Forecast by End-Use with Growth Rate, 2017-2027

Table Global Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Global Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Global Market Volume and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Global Market Amount and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Asia-Pacific Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Asia-Pacific Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table North America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table North America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table South America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table South America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Europe Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Europe Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Middle East & Africa Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Middle East & Africa Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Asia-Pacific Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Asia-Pacific Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table North America Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table North America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table South America Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table South America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Europe Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Middle East & Africa Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Middle East & Africa Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Major Manufacturers Headquarters and Contact Information

Table Major Manufacturers Capacity List in 2021

Table Lonza Group Overview List

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Lonza Group (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

Table Northeast Pharmaceutical Overview List

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Northeast Pharmaceutical (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

Table Hengtai Chemical Overview List

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Hengtai Chemical (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

Table Chengda Pharmaceutical Overview List

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Chengda Pharmaceutical (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

Table Koncepnutra Overview List

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Koncepnutra (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

Table HuaYang Overview List

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of HuaYang (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

Table Biosint Overview List

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Biosint (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

Table Hongjing Chemical Overview List

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Hongjing Chemical (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

Table KangXin Chemical Overview List

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of KangXin Chemical (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

Table Kangjian Chemical Overview List

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of Kangjian Chemical (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

Table AIDP Overview List

Table L-carnitine Business Operation of AIDP (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

Table Global Production Volume List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Global Production Volume Share List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Global Production Amount List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Global Production Amount Share List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment 2017-2021, in Volume

Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD

Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2022-2027, in Volume

Table Global Market Amount by Product Type Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD

Table Global Market Volume by Product Type Segment 2022-2027, in Volume

Table Global Market Amount by End-Use Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD

Table Global Market Volume by End-Use Segment 2022-2027, in Volume

List of Figure

Figure L-carnitine Picture List

Figure Global Market Size and Forecast with Growth Rate, 2017-2027

Figure Global Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure Global Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure Asia-Pacific Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Asia-Pacific Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure North America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure North America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure South America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure South America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure Europe Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Europe Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure Middle East & Africa Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Middle East & Africa Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure Asia-Pacific Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Asia-Pacific Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure North America Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure North America Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure South America Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure South America Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Europe Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure Middle East & Africa Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Middle East & Africa Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure Global Market Size and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Market Size and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD

Figure Global Competition Sketch Overview

Figure Global Production Volume Share by Manufacturers in 2021, in Volume

Figure Global Production Amount Share by Manufacturers in 2021, in Million USD

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in L-Carnitine Food Grade, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in L-Carnitine Food Grade, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in L-Carnitine Feed Grade, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in L-Carnitine Feed Grade, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in L-Carnitine Pharmaceutical Grade, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in L-Carnitine Pharmaceutical Grade, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Animal Food, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Animal Food, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Health Care Products, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Health Care Products, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Functional Drinks, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Functional Drinks, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Medicine, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Medicine, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Others, 2017-2021, in USD Million

Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Others, 2017-2021, in Volume

Figure Cost Component Ratio