Industrial Insulation Market Research: Global Status & Forecast by Geography, Type & Application (2015-2025)

Table of Content

1 Industrial Chain Overview

• 1.1 Industrial Insulation Industry
  • 1.1.1 Overview
  • 1.1.2 Characteristics of Industrial Insulation
• 1.2 Upstream
  • 1.2.1 Major Materials
  • 1.2.2 Manufacturing Overview
• 1.3 Product List By Type
  • 1.3.1 Stone wool
  • 1.3.2 Glass wool
  • 1.3.3 CMS Fibers
  • 1.3.4 Calcium silicate
  • 1.3.5 Cellular Glass
  • 1.3.6 Foamed Plastic
  • 1.3.7 Elastomeric Foam
  • 1.3.8 Perlite
  • 1.3.9 Aerogel
  • 1.3.10 Others
• 1.4 End-Use List
  • 1.4.1 Demand in Power Generation
  • 1.4.2 Demand in Petrochemical & Refineries
  • 1.4.3 Demand in EIP Industries
  • 1.4.4 Demand in LNG/LPG
  • 1.4.5 Demand in Others
• 1.5 Global Market Overview
  • 1.5.1 Global Market Size and Forecast, 2015-2025
  • 1.5.2 Global Market Size and Forecast by Geography with CAGR, 2015-2025
  • 1.5.3 Global Market Size and Forecast by Product Type with CAGR, 2015-2025
  • 1.5.4 Global Market Size and Forecast by End-Use with CAGR, 2015-2025

2 Global Production & Consumption by Geography

• 2.1 Global Production & Consumption
  • 2.1.1 Global Production
  • 2.1.2 Global Consumption
• 2.2 Geographic Production & Consumption
  • 2.2.1 Production
    • 2.2.1.1 Asia-Pacific
    • 2.2.1.2 North America
    • 2.2.1.3 South America
    • 2.2.1.4 Europe
    • 2.2.1.5 Middle East & Africa
  • 2.2.2 Consumption
    • 2.2.2.1 Asia-Pacific
    • 2.2.2.2 North America
    • 2.2.2.3 South America
    • 2.2.2.4 Europe
    • 2.2.2.5 Middle East & Africa

  3 Major Manufacturers Introduction

  • 3.1 Manufacturers Overview
  • 3.2 Manufacturers List
    • 3.2.1 Rockwool Technical Insulation Overview
      • 3.2.1.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.1.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.1.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.1.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.2 Paroc Overview
      • 3.2.2.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.2.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.2.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.2.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.3 Knauf Gips KG Overview
      • 3.2.3.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.3.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.3.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.3.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.4 TechnoNICOL Corporation Overview
      • 3.2.4.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.4.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.4.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.4.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.5 NICHIAS Corporation Overview
      • 3.2.5.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.5.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.5.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.5.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.6 Anco Products, Inc. Overview
      • 3.2.6.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.6.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.6.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.6.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.7 Aspen Aerogels, Inc. Overview
      • 3.2.7.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.7.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.7.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.7.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.8 Cabot Corporation Overview
      • 3.2.8.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.8.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.8.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.8.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.9 Morgan Thermal Ceramics Overview
      • 3.2.9.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.9.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.9.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.9.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.10 Unifrax, LLC Overview
      • 3.2.10.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.10.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.10.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.10.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.11 Rath AG Overview
      • 3.2.11.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.11.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.11.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.11.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.12 Ibiden Co., Ltd. Overview
      • 3.2.12.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.12.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.12.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.12.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.13 Armacell International Holding GmbH Overview
      • 3.2.13.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.13.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.13.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.13.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.14 L'Isolante K-Flex S.P.A. Overview
      • 3.2.14.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.14.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.14.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.14.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.15 NMC Group Overview
      • 3.2.15.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.15.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.15.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.15.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.16 Kaimann Overview
      • 3.2.16.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.16.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.16.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.16.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.17 Pittsburgh Corning Overview
      • 3.2.17.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.17.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.17.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.17.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.18 GLAPOR Werk Mitterteich Overview
      • 3.2.18.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.18.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.18.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.18.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.19 DUNA-Corradini S.p.A. Overview
      • 3.2.19.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.19.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.19.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.19.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.20 Dongsung Finetec Corporation Overview
      • 3.2.20.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.20.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.20.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.20.4 Future Strategic Planning
    • 3.2.21 Poliuretanos S.A. Overview
      • 3.2.21.1 Product Specifications
      • 3.2.21.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
      • 3.2.21.3 Recent Developments
      • 3.2.21.4 Future Strategic Planning

    4 Market Competition Pattern

    • 4.1 Market Size and Sketch
    • 4.2 Company Market Share
      • 4.2.1 Global Production by Major Manufacturers
      • 4.2.2 Market Concentration Analysis
    • 4.3 Market News and Trend
      • 4.3.1 Merger & Acquisition
      • 4.3.2 New Product Launch

    5 Product Type Segment

    • 5.1 Global Overview by Product Type Segment
    • 5.2 Segment Subdivision by Product Type
      • 5.2.1 Market in Stone wool
        • 5.2.1.1 Market Size
        • 5.2.1.2 Situation & Development
      • 5.2.2 Market in Glass wool
        • 5.2.2.1 Market Size
        • 5.2.2.2 Situation & Development
      • 5.2.3 Market in CMS Fibers
        • 5.2.3.1 Market Size
        • 5.2.3.2 Situation & Development
      • 5.2.4 Market in Calcium silicate
        • 5.2.4.1 Market Size
        • 5.2.4.2 Situation & Development
      • 5.2.5 Market in Cellular Glass
        • 5.2.5.1 Market Size
        • 5.2.5.2 Situation & Development
      • 5.2.6 Market in Foamed Plastic
        • 5.2.6.1 Market Size
        • 5.2.6.2 Situation & Development
      • 5.2.7 Market in Elastomeric Foam
        • 5.2.7.1 Market Size
        • 5.2.7.2 Situation & Development
      • 5.2.8 Market in Perlite
        • 5.2.8.1 Market Size
        • 5.2.8.2 Situation & Development
      • 5.2.9 Market in Aerogel
        • 5.2.9.1 Market Size
        • 5.2.9.2 Situation & Development
      • 5.2.10 Market in Others
        • 5.2.10.1 Market Size
        • 5.2.10.2 Situation & Development

      6 End-Use Segment

      • 6.1 Global Overview by End-Use Segment
      • 6.2 Segment Subdivision
        • 6.2.1 Market in Power Generation
          • 6.2.1.1 Market Size
          • 6.2.1.2 Situation & Development
        • 6.2.2 Market in Petrochemical & Refineries
          • 6.2.2.1 Market Size
          • 6.2.2.2 Situation & Development
        • 6.2.3 Market in EIP Industries
          • 6.2.3.1 Market Size
          • 6.2.3.2 Situation & Development
        • 6.2.4 Market in LNG/LPG
          • 6.2.4.1 Market Size
          • 6.2.4.2 Situation & Development
        • 6.2.5 Market in Others
          • 6.2.5.1 Market Size
          • 6.2.5.2 Situation & Development

        7 Market Forecast & Trend

        • 7.1 Regional Forecast
        • 7.2 Consumption Forecast
          • 7.2.1 Product Type Forecast
          • 7.2.2 End-Use Forecast
        • 7.3 Investment Trend
        • 7.4 Consumption Trend

        8 Price & Channel

        • 8.1 Price and Cost
          • 8.1.1 Price
          • 8.1.2 Cost
        • 8.2 Channel Segment

        9 Market Drivers & Investment Environment

        • 9.1 Market Drivers
        • 9.2 Investment Environment

        10 Research Conclusion

        List of Tables

        Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Geography with Growth Rate, 2015-2025

        Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Type with Growth Rate, 2015-2025

        Table Global Market Size and Forecast by End-Use with Growth Rate, 2015-2025

        Table Global Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table Global Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table Global Market Volume and Growth Rate by Geography, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table Global Market Amount and Growth Rate by Geography, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table Asia-Pacific Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table Asia-Pacific Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table North America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table North America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table South America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table South America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table Europe Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table Europe Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table Middle East & Africa Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table Middle East & Africa Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table Asia-Pacific Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table Asia-Pacific Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table North America Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table North America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table South America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table Europe Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table Middle East & Africa Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table Middle East & Africa Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table Major Manufacturers Headquarters and Contact Information

        Table Major Manufacturers Capacity List in 2018

        Table Rockwool Technical Insulation Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Rockwool Technical Insulation (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Paroc Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Paroc (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Knauf Gips KG Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Knauf Gips KG (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table TechnoNICOL Corporation Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of TechnoNICOL Corporation (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table NICHIAS Corporation Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of NICHIAS Corporation (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Anco Products, Inc. Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Anco Products, Inc. (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Aspen Aerogels, Inc. Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Aspen Aerogels, Inc. (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Cabot Corporation Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Cabot Corporation (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Morgan Thermal Ceramics Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Morgan Thermal Ceramics (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Unifrax, LLC Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Unifrax, LLC (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Rath AG Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Rath AG (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Ibiden Co., Ltd. Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Ibiden Co., Ltd. (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Armacell International Holding GmbH Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Armacell International Holding GmbH (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table L'Isolante K-Flex S.P.A. Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of L'Isolante K-Flex S.P.A. (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table NMC Group Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of NMC Group (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Kaimann Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Kaimann (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Pittsburgh Corning Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Pittsburgh Corning (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table GLAPOR Werk Mitterteich Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of GLAPOR Werk Mitterteich (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table DUNA-Corradini S.p.A. Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of DUNA-Corradini S.p.A. (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Dongsung Finetec Corporation Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Dongsung Finetec Corporation (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Poliuretanos S.A. Overview List

        Table Industrial Insulation Business Operation of Poliuretanos S.A. (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

        Table Global Production Volume List by Manufacturers, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table Global Production Volume Share List by Manufacturers, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table Global Production Amount List by Manufacturers, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table Global Production Amount Share List by Manufacturers, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment 2015-2018, in Volume

        Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2019-2025, in Million USD

        Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2019-2025, in Volume

        Table Global Market Amount by Product Type Segment 2019-2025, in Million USD

        Table Global Market Volume by Product Type Segment 2019-2025, in Volume

        Table Global Market Amount by End-Use Segment 2019-2025, in Million USD

        Table Global Market Volume by End-Use Segment 2019-2025, in Volume

        List of Figures

        Figure Industrial Insulation Picture List

        Figure Global Market Size and Forecast with Growth Rate, 2015-2025

        Figure Global Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Figure Global Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Figure Asia-Pacific Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Asia-Pacific Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Figure North America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure North America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Figure South America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure South America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Figure Europe Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Europe Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Figure Middle East & Africa Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Middle East & Africa Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Figure Asia-Pacific Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Asia-Pacific Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Figure North America Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure North America Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Figure Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure South America Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Figure Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Europe Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Figure Middle East & Africa Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Middle East & Africa Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2015-2018, in Million USD

        Figure Global Production Volume Share by Manufacturers in 2019, in Volume

        Figure Global Production Amount Share by Manufacturers in 2019, in Million USD

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Stone wool, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Stone wool, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Glass wool, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Glass wool, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in CMS Fibers, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in CMS Fibers, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Calcium silicate, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Calcium silicate, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Cellular Glass, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Cellular Glass, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Foamed Plastic, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Foamed Plastic, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Elastomeric Foam, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Elastomeric Foam, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Perlite, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Perlite, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Aerogel, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Aerogel, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Others, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Others, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Power Generation, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Power Generation, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Petrochemical & Refineries, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Petrochemical & Refineries, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in EIP Industries, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in EIP Industries, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in LNG/LPG, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in LNG/LPG, 2015-2018, in Volume

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Others, 2015-2018, in USD Million

        Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Others, 2015-2018, in Volume