Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Industry Market Research Report

Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Industry Market Research Report

1 Industrial Ethernet Switches Introduction and Market Overview

• 1.1 Objectives of the Study
• 1.2 Definition of Industrial Ethernet Switches
• 1.3 Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Scope and Market Size Estimation
  • 1.3.1 Market Concentration Ratio and Market Maturity Analysis
  • 1.3.2 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) and Growth Rate from 2017-2027
• 1.4 Market Segmentation
  • 1.4.1 Types of Industrial Ethernet Switches
  • 1.4.2 Applications of Industrial Ethernet Switches
  • 1.4.3 Research Regions
    • 1.4.3.1 North America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.2 Europe Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.3 China Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.4 Japan Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.5 Middle East & Africa Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.6 India Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.7 South America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
• 1.5 Market Dynamics
  • 1.5.1 Drivers
    • 1.5.1.1 Emerging Countries of Industrial Ethernet Switches
    • 1.5.1.2 Growing Market of Industrial Ethernet Switches
  • 1.5.2 Limitations
  • 1.5.3 Opportunities
• 1.6 Industry News and Policies by Regions
  • 1.6.1 Industry News
  • 1.6.2 Industry Policies

2 Industry Chain Analysis

• 2.1 Upstream Raw Material Suppliers of Industrial Ethernet Switches Analysis
• 2.2 Major Players of Industrial Ethernet Switches
  • 2.2.1 Major Players Manufacturing Base and Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches in 2021
  • 2.2.2 Major Players Product Types in 2021
• 2.3 Industrial Ethernet Switches Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
  • 2.3.1 Production Process Analysis
  • 2.3.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure of Industrial Ethernet Switches
  • 2.3.3 Raw Material Cost of Industrial Ethernet Switches
  • 2.3.4 Labor Cost of Industrial Ethernet Switches
• 2.4 Market Channel Analysis of Industrial Ethernet Switches
• 2.5 Major Downstream Buyers of Industrial Ethernet Switches Analysis

3 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Market, by Type

• 3.1 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
• 3.2 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Production and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
• 3.3 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) and Growth Rate by Type (2017-2022)
• 3.4 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Price Analysis by Type (2017-2022)

4 Industrial Ethernet Switches Market, by Application

• 4.1 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
• 4.2 Downstream Buyers by Application
• 4.3 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate by Application (2017-2022)

5 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($) by Region (2017-2022)

• 5.1 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) and Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
• 5.2 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Production and Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
• 5.3 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.4 North America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.5 Europe Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.6 China Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.7 Japan Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.8 Middle East & Africa Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.9 India Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.10 South America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

6 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2017-2022)

• 6.1 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption by Regions (2017-2022)
• 6.2 North America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.3 Europe Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.4 China Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.5 Japan Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.6 Middle East & Africa Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.7 India Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.8 South America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

7 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Status and SWOT Analysis by Regions

• 7.1 North America Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.2 Europe Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.3 China Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.4 Japan Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.5 Middle East & Africa Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.6 India Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.7 South America Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Status and SWOT Analysis

8 Competitive Landscape

• 8.1 Competitive Profile
• 8.2 ABB
  • 8.2.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.2.2 Industrial Ethernet Switches Product Introduction
  • 8.2.3 ABB Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.2.4 ABB Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.3 Pepperl+Fuchs
  • 8.3.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.3.2 Industrial Ethernet Switches Product Introduction
  • 8.3.3 Pepperl+Fuchs Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.3.4 Pepperl+Fuchs Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.4 Belden
  • 8.4.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.4.2 Industrial Ethernet Switches Product Introduction
  • 8.4.3 Belden Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.4.4 Belden Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.5 Arista Networks
  • 8.5.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.5.2 Industrial Ethernet Switches Product Introduction
  • 8.5.3 Arista Networks Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.5.4 Arista Networks Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.6 Emerson
  • 8.6.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.6.2 Industrial Ethernet Switches Product Introduction
  • 8.6.3 Emerson Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.6.4 Emerson Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.7 Weidmüller
  • 8.7.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.7.2 Industrial Ethernet Switches Product Introduction
  • 8.7.3 Weidmüller Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.7.4 Weidmüller Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.8 Cisco
  • 8.8.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.8.2 Industrial Ethernet Switches Product Introduction
  • 8.8.3 Cisco Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.8.4 Cisco Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.9 Moxa
  • 8.9.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.9.2 Industrial Ethernet Switches Product Introduction
  • 8.9.3 Moxa Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.9.4 Moxa Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.10 Huawei
  • 8.10.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.10.2 Industrial Ethernet Switches Product Introduction
  • 8.10.3 Huawei Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.10.4 Huawei Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.11 Siemens
  • 8.11.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.11.2 Industrial Ethernet Switches Product Introduction
  • 8.11.3 Siemens Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.11.4 Siemens Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021

9 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Analysis and Forecast by Type and Application

• 9.1 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Value ($) & Volume Forecast, by Type (2022-2027)
  • 9.1.1 Managed industrial ethernet switches Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.1.2 Unmanaged industrial Ethernet switches Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
• 9.2 Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Value ($) & Volume Forecast, by Application (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.1 Ship-building Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.2 Transportation Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.3 Series Machine Construction Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.4 Oil & Gas Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)

10 Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Analysis and Forecast by Region

• 10.1 North America Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.2 Europe Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.3 China Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.4 Japan Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.5 Middle East & Africa Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.6 India Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.7 South America Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)

11 New Project Feasibility Analysis

• 11.1 Industry Barriers and New Entrants SWOT Analysis
• 11.2 Analysis and Suggestions on New Project Investment

12 Research Finding and Conclusion

13 Appendix

• 13.1 Discussion Guide
• 13.2 Knowledge Store: Maia Subscription Portal
• 13.3 Research Data Source
• 13.4 Research Assumptions and Acronyms Used

List of Tables and Figures

Figure Product Picture of Industrial Ethernet Switches

Table Product Specification of Industrial Ethernet Switches

Figure Market Concentration Ratio and Market Maturity Analysis of Industrial Ethernet Switches

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) and Growth Rate from 2017-2027

Table Different Types of Industrial Ethernet Switches

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) Segment by Type from 2017-2022

Figure Managed industrial ethernet switches Picture

Figure Unmanaged industrial Ethernet switches Picture

Table Different Applications of Industrial Ethernet Switches

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) Segment by Applications from 2017-2022

Figure Ship-building Picture

Figure Transportation Picture

Figure Series Machine Construction Picture

Figure Oil & Gas Picture

Table Research Regions of Industrial Ethernet Switches

Figure North America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Figure Europe Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table China Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table Japan Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table Middle East & Africa Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table India Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table South America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table Emerging Countries of Industrial Ethernet Switches

Table Growing Market of Industrial Ethernet Switches

Figure Industry Chain Analysis of Industrial Ethernet Switches

Table Upstream Raw Material Suppliers of Industrial Ethernet Switches with Contact Information

Table Major Players Manufacturing Base and Market Share ($) of Industrial Ethernet Switches in 2021

Table Major Players Industrial Ethernet Switches Product Types in 2021

Figure Production Process of Industrial Ethernet Switches

Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Industrial Ethernet Switches

Figure Channel Status of Industrial Ethernet Switches

Table Major Distributors of Industrial Ethernet Switches with Contact Information

Table Major Downstream Buyers of Industrial Ethernet Switches with Contact Information

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Production by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) and Growth Rate of Managed industrial ethernet switches

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) and Growth Rate of Unmanaged industrial Ethernet switches

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Price by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption by Application (2017-2022)

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table Downstream Buyers Introduction by Application

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate of Ship-building (2017-2022)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate of Transportation (2017-2022)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate of Series Machine Construction (2017-2022)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate of Oil & Gas (2017-2022)

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Value ($) Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Production by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Production Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table North America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Europe Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table China Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Japan Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Middle East & Africa Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table India Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table South America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption by Regions (2017-2022)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption Share by Regions (2017-2022)

Table North America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table Europe Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table China Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table Japan Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table Middle East & Africa Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table India Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table South America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Figure North America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure North America Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure North America Industrial Ethernet Switches SWOT Analysis

Figure Europe Industrial Ethernet Switches Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Europe Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Europe Industrial Ethernet Switches SWOT Analysis

Figure China Industrial Ethernet Switches Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure China Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure China Industrial Ethernet Switches SWOT Analysis

Figure Japan Industrial Ethernet Switches Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Japan Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Japan Industrial Ethernet Switches SWOT Analysis

Figure Middle East & Africa Industrial Ethernet Switches Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Middle East & Africa Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Middle East & Africa Industrial Ethernet Switches SWOT Analysis

Figure India Industrial Ethernet Switches Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure India Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure India Industrial Ethernet Switches SWOT Analysis

Figure South America Industrial Ethernet Switches Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure South America Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure South America Industrial Ethernet Switches SWOT Analysis

Figure Top 3 Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Companies

Figure Top 6 Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Companies

Table Mergers, Acquisitions and Expansion Analysis

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table ABB Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure ABB Production and Growth Rate

Figure ABB Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure ABB Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Pepperl+Fuchs Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Pepperl+Fuchs Production and Growth Rate

Figure Pepperl+Fuchs Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Pepperl+Fuchs Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Belden Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Belden Production and Growth Rate

Figure Belden Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Belden Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Arista Networks Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Arista Networks Production and Growth Rate

Figure Arista Networks Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Arista Networks Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Emerson Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Emerson Production and Growth Rate

Figure Emerson Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Emerson Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Weidmüller Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Weidmüller Production and Growth Rate

Figure Weidmüller Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Weidmüller Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Cisco Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Cisco Production and Growth Rate

Figure Cisco Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Cisco Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Moxa Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Moxa Production and Growth Rate

Figure Moxa Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Moxa Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Huawei Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Huawei Production and Growth Rate

Figure Huawei Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Huawei Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Siemens Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Siemens Production and Growth Rate

Figure Siemens Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Siemens Market Share of Industrial Ethernet Switches Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Value ($) Forecast, by Type

Table Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Volume Forecast, by Type

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Managed industrial ethernet switches (2022-2027)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of Managed industrial ethernet switches (2022-2027)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Unmanaged industrial Ethernet switches (2022-2027)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of Unmanaged industrial Ethernet switches (2022-2027)

Table Global Market Value ($) Forecast by Application (2022-2027)

Table Global Market Volume Forecast by Application (2022-2027)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate of Ship-building (2017-2022)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate of Transportation (2017-2022)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate of Series Machine Construction (2017-2022)

Figure Global Industrial Ethernet Switches Consumption and Growth Rate of Oil & Gas (2017-2022)

Figure Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Oil & Gas (2022-2027)

Figure Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of Oil & Gas (2022-2027)

Figure North America Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table North America Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Europe Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table Europe Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure China Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table China Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Japan Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table Japan Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Middle East & Africa Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table Middle East & Africa Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure India Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table India Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure South America Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table South America Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Industry Resource/Technology/Labor Importance Analysis

Table New Entrants SWOT Analysis

Table New Project Analysis of Investment Recovery