Global Ligases Enzymes Industry Market Research Report

Global Ligases Enzymes Industry Market Research Report

1 Ligases Enzymes Introduction and Market Overview

• 1.1 Objectives of the Study
• 1.2 Definition of Ligases Enzymes
• 1.3 Ligases Enzymes Market Scope and Market Size Estimation
  • 1.3.1 Market Concentration Ratio and Market Maturity Analysis
  • 1.3.2 Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) and Growth Rate from 2017-2027
• 1.4 Market Segmentation
  • 1.4.1 Types of Ligases Enzymes
  • 1.4.2 Applications of Ligases Enzymes
  • 1.4.3 Research Regions
    • 1.4.3.1 North America Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.2 Europe Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.3 China Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.4 Japan Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.5 Middle East & Africa Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.6 India Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.7 South America Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
• 1.5 Market Dynamics
  • 1.5.1 Drivers
    • 1.5.1.1 Emerging Countries of Ligases Enzymes
    • 1.5.1.2 Growing Market of Ligases Enzymes
  • 1.5.2 Limitations
  • 1.5.3 Opportunities
• 1.6 Industry News and Policies by Regions
  • 1.6.1 Industry News
  • 1.6.2 Industry Policies

2 Industry Chain Analysis

• 2.1 Upstream Raw Material Suppliers of Ligases Enzymes Analysis
• 2.2 Major Players of Ligases Enzymes
  • 2.2.1 Major Players Manufacturing Base and Market Share of Ligases Enzymes in 2021
  • 2.2.2 Major Players Product Types in 2021
• 2.3 Ligases Enzymes Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
  • 2.3.1 Production Process Analysis
  • 2.3.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure of Ligases Enzymes
  • 2.3.3 Raw Material Cost of Ligases Enzymes
  • 2.3.4 Labor Cost of Ligases Enzymes
• 2.4 Market Channel Analysis of Ligases Enzymes
• 2.5 Major Downstream Buyers of Ligases Enzymes Analysis

3 Global Ligases Enzymes Market, by Type

• 3.1 Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
• 3.2 Global Ligases Enzymes Production and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
• 3.3 Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) and Growth Rate by Type (2017-2022)
• 3.4 Global Ligases Enzymes Price Analysis by Type (2017-2022)

4 Ligases Enzymes Market, by Application

• 4.1 Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
• 4.2 Downstream Buyers by Application
• 4.3 Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate by Application (2017-2022)

5 Global Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($) by Region (2017-2022)

• 5.1 Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) and Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
• 5.2 Global Ligases Enzymes Production and Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
• 5.3 Global Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.4 North America Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.5 Europe Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.6 China Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.7 Japan Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.8 Middle East & Africa Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.9 India Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.10 South America Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

6 Global Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2017-2022)

• 6.1 Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption by Regions (2017-2022)
• 6.2 North America Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.3 Europe Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.4 China Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.5 Japan Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.6 Middle East & Africa Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.7 India Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.8 South America Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

7 Global Ligases Enzymes Market Status and SWOT Analysis by Regions

• 7.1 North America Ligases Enzymes Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.2 Europe Ligases Enzymes Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.3 China Ligases Enzymes Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.4 Japan Ligases Enzymes Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.5 Middle East & Africa Ligases Enzymes Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.6 India Ligases Enzymes Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.7 South America Ligases Enzymes Market Status and SWOT Analysis

8 Competitive Landscape

• 8.1 Competitive Profile
• 8.2 Becton, Dickinson
  • 8.2.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.2.2 Ligases Enzymes Product Introduction
  • 8.2.3 Becton, Dickinson Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.2.4 Becton, Dickinson Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.3 New England Biolabs
  • 8.3.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.3.2 Ligases Enzymes Product Introduction
  • 8.3.3 New England Biolabs Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.3.4 New England Biolabs Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.4 Agilent Technologies
  • 8.4.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.4.2 Ligases Enzymes Product Introduction
  • 8.4.3 Agilent Technologies Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.4.4 Agilent Technologies Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.5 Merck
  • 8.5.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.5.2 Ligases Enzymes Product Introduction
  • 8.5.3 Merck Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.5.4 Merck Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.6 Illumina
  • 8.6.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.6.2 Ligases Enzymes Product Introduction
  • 8.6.3 Illumina Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.6.4 Illumina Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.7 Thermo Fisher Scientific
  • 8.7.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.7.2 Ligases Enzymes Product Introduction
  • 8.7.3 Thermo Fisher Scientific Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.7.4 Thermo Fisher Scientific Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.8 Promega
  • 8.8.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.8.2 Ligases Enzymes Product Introduction
  • 8.8.3 Promega Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.8.4 Promega Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.9 F. Hoffmann-la Roche
  • 8.9.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.9.2 Ligases Enzymes Product Introduction
  • 8.9.3 F. Hoffmann-la Roche Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.9.4 F. Hoffmann-la Roche Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.10 QIAGEN N.V.
  • 8.10.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.10.2 Ligases Enzymes Product Introduction
  • 8.10.3 QIAGEN N.V. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.10.4 QIAGEN N.V. Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.11 Takara Bio
  • 8.11.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.11.2 Ligases Enzymes Product Introduction
  • 8.11.3 Takara Bio Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.11.4 Takara Bio Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021

9 Global Ligases Enzymes Market Analysis and Forecast by Type and Application

• 9.1 Global Ligases Enzymes Market Value ($) & Volume Forecast, by Type (2022-2027)
  • 9.1.1 E. coli DNA ligase Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.1.2 T4 DNA ligase Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.1.3 Mammalian ligases Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.1.4 Thermostable ligases Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
• 9.2 Global Ligases Enzymes Market Value ($) & Volume Forecast, by Application (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.1 Academic & Research Institutes Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.2 Hospitals & Diagnostic Centers Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.3 Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Companies Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.4 Others Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)

10 Ligases Enzymes Market Analysis and Forecast by Region

• 10.1 North America Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.2 Europe Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.3 China Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.4 Japan Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.5 Middle East & Africa Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.6 India Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.7 South America Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)

11 New Project Feasibility Analysis

• 11.1 Industry Barriers and New Entrants SWOT Analysis
• 11.2 Analysis and Suggestions on New Project Investment

12 Research Finding and Conclusion

13 Appendix

• 13.1 Discussion Guide
• 13.2 Knowledge Store: Maia Subscription Portal
• 13.3 Research Data Source
• 13.4 Research Assumptions and Acronyms Used

List of Tables and Figures

Figure Product Picture of Ligases Enzymes

Table Product Specification of Ligases Enzymes

Figure Market Concentration Ratio and Market Maturity Analysis of Ligases Enzymes

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) and Growth Rate from 2017-2027

Table Different Types of Ligases Enzymes

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) Segment by Type from 2017-2022

Figure E. coli DNA ligase Picture

Figure T4 DNA ligase Picture

Figure Mammalian ligases Picture

Figure Thermostable ligases Picture

Table Different Applications of Ligases Enzymes

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) Segment by Applications from 2017-2022

Figure Academic & Research Institutes Picture

Figure Hospitals & Diagnostic Centers Picture

Figure Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Companies Picture

Figure Others Picture

Table Research Regions of Ligases Enzymes

Figure North America Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Figure Europe Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table China Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table Japan Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table Middle East & Africa Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table India Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table South America Ligases Enzymes Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table Emerging Countries of Ligases Enzymes

Table Growing Market of Ligases Enzymes

Figure Industry Chain Analysis of Ligases Enzymes

Table Upstream Raw Material Suppliers of Ligases Enzymes with Contact Information

Table Major Players Manufacturing Base and Market Share ($) of Ligases Enzymes in 2021

Table Major Players Ligases Enzymes Product Types in 2021

Figure Production Process of Ligases Enzymes

Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Ligases Enzymes

Figure Channel Status of Ligases Enzymes

Table Major Distributors of Ligases Enzymes with Contact Information

Table Major Downstream Buyers of Ligases Enzymes with Contact Information

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Production by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Production Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Production Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) and Growth Rate of E. coli DNA ligase

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) and Growth Rate of T4 DNA ligase

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) and Growth Rate of Mammalian ligases

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) and Growth Rate of Thermostable ligases

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Price by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption by Application (2017-2022)

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table Downstream Buyers Introduction by Application

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate of Academic & Research Institutes (2017-2022)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate of Hospitals & Diagnostic Centers (2017-2022)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate of Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Companies (2017-2022)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate of Others (2017-2022)

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Value ($) Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Production by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Production Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Production Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table North America Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Europe Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table China Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Japan Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Middle East & Africa Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table India Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table South America Ligases Enzymes Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption by Regions (2017-2022)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption Share by Regions (2017-2022)

Table North America Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table Europe Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table China Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table Japan Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table Middle East & Africa Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table India Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table South America Ligases Enzymes Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Figure North America Ligases Enzymes Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure North America Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure North America Ligases Enzymes SWOT Analysis

Figure Europe Ligases Enzymes Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Europe Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Europe Ligases Enzymes SWOT Analysis

Figure China Ligases Enzymes Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure China Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure China Ligases Enzymes SWOT Analysis

Figure Japan Ligases Enzymes Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Japan Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Japan Ligases Enzymes SWOT Analysis

Figure Middle East & Africa Ligases Enzymes Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Middle East & Africa Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Middle East & Africa Ligases Enzymes SWOT Analysis

Figure India Ligases Enzymes Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure India Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure India Ligases Enzymes SWOT Analysis

Figure South America Ligases Enzymes Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure South America Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure South America Ligases Enzymes SWOT Analysis

Figure Top 3 Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Companies

Figure Top 6 Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Companies

Table Mergers, Acquisitions and Expansion Analysis

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Becton, Dickinson Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Becton, Dickinson Production and Growth Rate

Figure Becton, Dickinson Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Becton, Dickinson Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table New England Biolabs Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure New England Biolabs Production and Growth Rate

Figure New England Biolabs Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure New England Biolabs Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Agilent Technologies Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Agilent Technologies Production and Growth Rate

Figure Agilent Technologies Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Agilent Technologies Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Merck Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Merck Production and Growth Rate

Figure Merck Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Merck Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Illumina Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Illumina Production and Growth Rate

Figure Illumina Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Illumina Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Thermo Fisher Scientific Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Thermo Fisher Scientific Production and Growth Rate

Figure Thermo Fisher Scientific Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Thermo Fisher Scientific Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Promega Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Promega Production and Growth Rate

Figure Promega Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Promega Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table F. Hoffmann-la Roche Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure F. Hoffmann-la Roche Production and Growth Rate

Figure F. Hoffmann-la Roche Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure F. Hoffmann-la Roche Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table QIAGEN N.V. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure QIAGEN N.V. Production and Growth Rate

Figure QIAGEN N.V. Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure QIAGEN N.V. Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Takara Bio Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Takara Bio Production and Growth Rate

Figure Takara Bio Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Takara Bio Market Share of Ligases Enzymes Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Market Value ($) Forecast, by Type

Table Global Ligases Enzymes Market Volume Forecast, by Type

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of E. coli DNA ligase (2022-2027)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of E. coli DNA ligase (2022-2027)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of T4 DNA ligase (2022-2027)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of T4 DNA ligase (2022-2027)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Mammalian ligases (2022-2027)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of Mammalian ligases (2022-2027)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Thermostable ligases (2022-2027)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of Thermostable ligases (2022-2027)

Table Global Market Value ($) Forecast by Application (2022-2027)

Table Global Market Volume Forecast by Application (2022-2027)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate of Academic & Research Institutes (2017-2022)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate of Hospitals & Diagnostic Centers (2017-2022)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate of Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Companies (2017-2022)

Figure Global Ligases Enzymes Consumption and Growth Rate of Others (2017-2022)

Figure Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Others (2022-2027)

Figure Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of Others (2022-2027)

Figure North America Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table North America Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Europe Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table Europe Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure China Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table China Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Japan Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table Japan Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Middle East & Africa Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table Middle East & Africa Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure India Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table India Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure South America Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table South America Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Industry Resource/Technology/Labor Importance Analysis

Table New Entrants SWOT Analysis

Table New Project Analysis of Investment Recovery